God Bless the Pill: The Surprising History of Contraception and Sexuality in American Religion

Mehta (Beyond Chrismukkah), an associate professor of gender studies at the University of Colorado-Boulder, traces in this fascinating account the convergence of contraception and the American religious left. In the 1950s, she writes, Cold War–era family values inspired a coalition of liberal Protestants and Jewish clergy to advocate for contraception, viewing it as a means of shoring up God-honoring marriages in which couples could enjoy sex and parent intentionally. As the diaphragm became a central part of the cultural conversation, some New York City clergy united with doctors to advocate for its availability in city hospitals—a measure that passed, though it was only available to married women. The 1970s saw contraception become aligned with women’s liberation, however, and after the Supreme Court ruled that single women could also be prescribed birth control, the religious left receded from the conversation and the right’s resistance soldified. The author robustly unpacks how the fight for contraception’s availability was often far from a “tale of feminist victory,” while teasing out the complex beliefs and histories motivating elements of the religious left, including those who didn’t support contraception (parts of the Black church, for example, saw it as a possible means of controlling the Black population). It’s an enlightening examination of the tangled intersection of faith, choice, and health in America. (Apr.)